Abstract

 

The study analyses equine responses to novelty, focusing on how the size of a horse group affects interactions with unfamiliar objects and the degree of curiosity exhibited by the horses. The novel object test (NOT) was used as a method employing three different objects (with / without food). The aim is to demonstrate a link between the object-directed curiosity and group size. Being herd animals by nature, horses derive a sense of security from their social structure, but the development of cognitive abilities in each individual can vary depending on the herd size and environmental factors that foster curiosity. In smaller groups, horses tend to integrate more equally, which allows them to confront new challenges more swiftly and cohesively. Conversely, larger groups may lead to increased individualism. Smaller groups facilitate a more collaborative environment, particularly in scenarios involving intensive human-horse interactions through training, which provides both stimulation and a secure foundation for work. In larger groups, curiosity stimulation is enhanced through positive reinforcement during interactions. The smaller group approached the objects more quickly, the object without a reward (food) was the least interesting, and the approach time varied between the first and second testing. These findings are expected to enhance equine welfare within horse breeding practices. Notably, considerable individual variation has been observed in the horses' responses, indicating a need for further research to deepen our understanding of both equine interactions and their interactions with humans.

 

Key words: Equine, Curiosity, Novel object test (NOT), Welfare